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9 Patente d Mar. 9

(No Model.)

H. J. BREWER. GALVANIG BATTERY. No. 337,477.

N. PETERS. Plwlo-Luhn m her. Washingwn. n. C.

Unrrsn STAT S ATENT @rrren.

HORATIO J. BREWER, OF NE\V YORK, N. Y.

GALVANIC BATTERY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 337,477, dated March 9,1886,

Application filed November 12, 1585. Serial No. 182,603. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HORATIO J. BREWER, of the city, county, and State ofNew York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in GalvanicBatteries, of which the following is a full, true, and exactdescription, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to the construction of a carbon-zinc batterywhich has a low internal resistance and a high electro-motive force, andin which opportunity for the free circulation of the exciting-liquid isafforded by reason of the peculiar construction of the battery. By thisconstruction, further, the elements are firmly locked together,while atthe same time they can be readily separated by the removal of a singlescrew.

My invention will be readily understood from the accompanying drawings,in which Figure 1 represents a top view of my battery; Fig. 2, avertical section through Fig. 1 on thelinewx; Fig. 3, ahorizontalsection through Fig. 2 on the line y y,- Fig. 4, a view showing thearrangement of part of the electro-negative element; Fig. 5, a viewshowing a locking-plate used in building up the electro'negativeelement; Fig. 6, a bottom view of the locking-plate J; Fig. 7, a view ofone of my electro-negative plates; Fig. 8, a view of the locking-cap E.

Similar letters refer to similar parts.

My battery, as shown, is provided with a double zincone inside and oneoutside an inclosing electro-negative element. The battery itself isarranged in a jar, A, of any suitable material. This jar preferably issomewhat contracted at the neck, and has an opening,T, at one side,allowing the passage of a zinc connection, to be described. The centerzinc con.- sists of a rod, 0, which is provided at its lower end with abeveled head, D, and at its upper end with a screw-thread, L.Surrounding the lower part of this zinc and resting upon the head is theinsulating-block E, which may be of wood or glass, or other suitableinsulating material. This block has an exterior lip for supporting thebottom carbon plate, F. This carbon plate consists of a circular disk,preferably having a projecting lip adapted to rest upon thecorresponding lip of the block E. Beneath this carbon in the battery maybe placed the insulating-support O, which may citing-liquid throughthem.

located in proximity to the jar.

.be of wood or other material. This support or washer O is made greaterin diameter than the carbon plate F, and serves to prevent contactbetween the carbon plate F and the surrounding zinc B, presently to bedescribed.

The block F is provided with channels K, (shown in Fig. 4,) for thereception of the beveled ends of the electro-negative plates K. Theseplates K may be of carbon or a mixture of carbon with otherelectro-negative material, and their ends are beveled off to fit intothe locking carbon plates F and G described.

The plates K are preferably provided with holes WV, allowing thecirculation of the ex- 7 An upper locking-plate, G, is provided similarin shape to the lower plate, F, but arranged in a reverse position, intowhich the upper beveled ends of the plates K fit. 7

Upon the upper surface of the carbon plate G is placed the cover J,which may be of wood or glass, or other suitable insulating material,and this plate is so arranged as to surround a projecting neck, H, ofthe plate G, so that when a wire is coiled in the chamfered channelshown in Fig. 6 it may be brought in contact with the upper surface ofthe plate G. This wire P is allowed to project upward through plate J,and serves to connect one of the poles of the battery.

Upon the cover J rests the locking-cap E of the general shape shown inFig. 8. This should be made of glass or other insulating material, andserves, in connection with the zinc rod which passes through it, tolockall the parts of the battery firmly together. Thelocking-cap E is lockedby the nut M. A zinc cylinder, B, is provided, open at one side, andwhich surrounds the elect-ro-negativc element, and is One arm of thiszinc projects upward,as shown at B, and is provided with an aperture, bywhich it is enabled to be slipped over the upper end of the zinc rod 0.Another nut, N, screwing upon the same screw-thread L, serves to forcethe connecting-wire B against the upper surface of the zinc plate B, andthereby maintains likewise a continuous connection between the zines.

In making up my battery I proceed as follows: In the first place I placethe outside zinc, B, within the jar. If this is made of larger diameterthan the opening of the jar,it should be sprung in somewhat and allowedto relax within the jar. I then place the insulatingwasher O in thebottom of thejar, which is thus surrounded by the zincB already placedinposition. Thezinc rod C, carrying the block E and carbon plate F, isnext placed in position, and the electro-negative plates K suitablyarranged upon it. I then place the up per carbon plate, G, in position,thereby look ing the plates K. Upon this I place the cover J, takingcare to arrange the wire I properly around the collar H. The locking-capE is then placed in position, and the whole structure firmly boundtogether by screwing down the nut M on the thread L. The zinc B is thenconnected by the arm B to the internal zinc, O, and the nutN is screweddown firmly upon it and the connecting-wire R, thereby completing thebattery. It is obvious that by this arrangement I obtain alargely-increased surface of zinc, in comparison with the ordinary formof this kind of battery, andthat the exciting-liquid is free tocirculate throughout the entire battery. By making the plates K of amaterial more strongly electro-negative than carbon, I can increase theelectro-motive force of the battery, and should these plates becomedeteriorated in use I can readily substitute others, in the mannerheretofore described. The particular form of these plates K or theparticular shape of the lockingplatcsF and G is plainly immaterial.

It is obvious, likewise, that one of the important features in myinvention consists in the locking together by screw-pressure of theconnecting carbons with the electro-negative plates, and though I preferto apply this force through the zinc red 0, yet this is not essential,for a wooden or other rod might be employed; or a rod of wood partlysurrounded by zinc,which zinc is supplied with a suitable connection tothe exterior zinc, might be used, though I prefer the form shown.

It is likewise obvious that one of the essential advantages of myimprovement is,that by it I can lock together my carbon plates by thesame pressure which maintains the contact between such plates and theconducting-wire.

The battery, when complete, is so constructed, as will be observed, thatit is impossible for the positive and negative elements to be displaced,so as to make contact within the battery itself, which is an importantdesideratum in this class of batteries.

I do not limit myself to the particular construction of anyof the partsshown, since it is manifest that other forms could be variedwithoutdepartingfrom the principle of my in- Vention.

\Vhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

1. An eleetro-negative element which consists of a plate 01' plates ofcarbon or material containing carbon, held longitudinally between twoother carbon plates, the electric connection between said plates beingmaintained by the pressure of a screw, substantially as described.

2. An eleetro-negative element for a battery, which consists of ahorizontal plate of carbon, a vertical plate or plates of carbon ormaterial containing carbon, and a horizontal plate of carbon placedabove and upon said vertical plates, the said plates being forcedtogether by screw-pressure, substantially as described.

3. The combination of a zinc rod with two or more carbon plates adjacentto the same, the carbon plates being held together by a pressure appliedthrough the zinc rod, substantially as described.

4. The combination of a carbon element, a conducting-wire, and azincrod, the conducting'wire being forced against the carbon by ascrew-pressure applied through the zinc rod, substantially as described.

5. The combination of a central zinc rod, a carbon element surroundingor partially sur rounding the same, and an exterior cylindrical zinesurrounding said carbon element, the interior and exterior zinc beingelectrically connected together, substantially as described.

6. The combination of an interior zine rod, an exterior cylindricalzinc, and an intermediate carbon element, which consists of two or moreplates of carbon pressed together by a pressure applied through the zincrod, substantially as described.

7. Thecombination,ina alvanie batter of I a central zinc rod, twohorizontal carbon plates, and intermediate vertical carbon plates, thesaid carbon plates being held together by a pressure applied through thezinc rod, with an exterior cylindrical zinc electrically connected with,the interior zinc rod, substantially as described.

8. The combination of the zinc rod 0, provided with a head at its lowerextremity, the plate F, supported thereby, the plates K K, resting uponthe plate F, the carbon plate G, resting upon the plates K, and the nutM, locking said carbon plates together, substantially as described.

9. The combination of the rod 0, carrying block E and supporting theplate F, with the plates K K, plate G, cap E, and nut M, looking thesaid compound carbon element together, substantially as described.

10. A compound element which consists of a rod, (3, supporting block E,plate F, plates K K, plate G, cover J, cap E, nut M, and wire I, thesaid 'nut M serving to lock the compound carbon element together and tohold the wire I? in contact therewith, substantially as described.

11. The combination of the zinc rod 0, carbon plate G, and the cap E,the said cap E serving to insulate the zinc rod from the surroundingcarbon plate, substantially as described.

12. The combination of the horizontal carbon plate F and the washer O,greater in diameter than the plate F, with the cylindrical IIOsurrounding zinc, the said washer 0 serving to insulate the carbon platefrom the zinc, substantially as described.

13. The combination of the central zinc rod,

5 O, the exterior zinc cylinder, B, the connection B, and the set-screwsM and N, serving to maintain a contact between the interior and exteriorzinc, substantially as described.-

14. The combination of the horizontal plates 10 F and G with thevertical plates K, containing perforations, substantially as described.

15. The combination of the horizontal car-

